procedure must be used to handle the cases where involves a fraction so that the roundings of the fractions sum to zero, but this need not concern us here.)
(h is the index of the individual currently producing offspring. j is a count [down] of the number of offspring produced by individual h, and b is a cumulative count of the number of offspring.)
Algorithms in the class are closer to some of the "deterministic" models of mathematical genetics. It is easier, in some respects, to interpret the role of the population in these plans than it is for the strictly sequential, stochastic plans in . On the other hand the algorithms in look more like the "one-point-at-a-time" algorithms of numerical analysis and computational mathematics. Though and behave similarly, it is useful to have both in mind, translating from one to the other as it aids understanding.
For both types of plan the operators brought into play in step 5 are critical
involves a fraction so that the roundings of the fractions 
are closer to some of the "deterministic" models of mathematical genetics. It is easier, in some respects, to interpret the role of the population 
in these plans than it is for the strictly sequential, stochastic plans in 
. On the other hand the algorithms in